for fear that
英 /fɔː fɪə ðæt/美 /fɔr fɪr ðæt/
conj. 连词
唯恐,以免;担心发生某事
词义解析
该词组的核心含义是“唯恐、以免”,表示为了避免某种不希望发生的情况而采取行动或感到担忧。其本义源自“fear”(害怕)和“that”引导的从句,强调因恐惧而谨慎。引申义包括:1) 表目的,相当于“以免”,如“He left early for fear that he might miss the train.”(他早走以免错过火车。);2) 表原因,相当于“因为担心”,如“She didn't go out for fear that she would be recognized.”(她没出门,因为担心被认出。)。两者都围绕“恐惧”这一情感,但前者侧重行动目的,后者侧重心理动因。
字源分析
该词组由“for”和“fear that”构成。“for”在此表示“为了”或“由于”,而“fear”源自古英语“fǣr”,意为“危险、突然的灾难”,后引申为“恐惧”。“that”为连词引导从句。整个结构相当于“for fear”+“that”,意为“出于对……的恐惧”。记忆时可将“for fear”看作“because of fear”,即“因为害怕”,再结合“that”从句说明具体害怕的内容。
常见语境
该词组多用于正式或书面语,如学术写作、新闻报道、法律文本和文学作品,表达谨慎或担忧的语气。在学术写作中,常用来解释研究中的预防措施,如“The samples were sealed for fear that contamination might occur.”(样品被密封,以免污染。);在新闻报道中,用于描述事件原因,如“The meeting was postponed for fear that the storm would affect attendance.”(会议推迟,因为担心风暴影响出席。);在文学作品中,常描绘人物心理,如“He whispered for fear that someone might hear.”(他低声说话,唯恐有人听到。)。在日常口语中较少使用,更常见的是“in case”或“lest”。
用法须知
该词组作为连词,引导目的状语从句或原因状语从句。从句中常用虚拟语气(should + 动词原形)或陈述语气(有时用may/might)。现代英语中,从句动词常用原形(虚拟语气),尤其在正式文体中,如“He took an umbrella for fear that it should rain.”(他带了伞,以防下雨。)。易错点:1) 不要与“for fear of”混淆,后者后接名词或动名词,如“for fear of losing”;2) 从句中不可省略“that”,但口语中偶尔省略,正式写作中应保留。
同义词区别
与“in case”相比,“for fear that”更强调恐惧或担忧的心理,而“in case”更中性,表示以防万一。例如,“Take an umbrella in case it rains.”(带伞以防下雨。)不如“Take an umbrella for fear that it might rain.”(带伞因为担心下雨。)语气强烈。与“lest”相比,“lest”更正式、古雅,且要求虚拟语气,如“He ran lest he be late.”(他跑着以免迟到。),而“for fear that”更常见于现代英语。与“so that”相比,“so that”表肯定目的,而“for fear that”表否定目的(避免)。
易错提醒
该词组语域偏正式,适用于书面语和正式演讲,日常口语中较少使用,可改用“in case”或“so as not to”。无褒贬色彩,但隐含负面情绪(担忧)。常见误用:1) 将“for fear that”误作“for fear”单独使用,后者后接of;2) 在从句中错误使用现在时,如“for fear that it rains”应为“for fear that it might rain”或“should rain”。另外,注意不要与“for fear of”混淆。
高频搭配
- for fear that + clause
- for fear that + should
- for fear that + might
- for fear that + would
- whisper for fear that
- avoid for fear that
- postpone for fear that
用法示例
- She spoke quietly for fear that she would wake the baby.她轻声说话,唯恐吵醒婴儿。
- He didn't apply for the job for fear that he might be rejected.他没有申请那份工作,因为担心会被拒绝。
- The company installed new security systems for fear that data might be leaked.公司安装了新的安全系统,以免数据泄露。
- They left early for fear that the traffic would be heavy.他们早早出发,以免交通拥堵。
- I avoid using public Wi-Fi for fear that my information could be stolen.我避免使用公共Wi-Fi,担心我的信息被盗。