look through

词义解析

本义指视线穿过透明或半透明物体，即“透过……看”，如透过窗户看。引申为“浏览、翻阅”，即快速查看书页或文件内容，如翻阅杂志。进一步引申为“仔细检查、逐一审查”，如检查账目或申请材料。另一引申义为“看穿、识破”，即透过表面看本质，如识破谎言。这些义项共享“视线或注意力穿过某物”的核心意象。

字源分析

look 源自古英语 lōcian，意为“看”；through 源自古英语 þurh，意为“穿过”。两者组合，字面义为“看穿”。记忆时可联想“目光穿过物体”的画面，进而联系到“浏览”和“检查”等引申义。

常见语境

日常口语中，look through 常用于“浏览”或“翻阅”，如“look through a magazine”（翻阅杂志），语气轻松。商务和学术场合，则多用于“检查”或“审核”，如“look through the report”（审核报告），语气正式。新闻报道中可能用于“排查”或“筛查”，如“look through the evidence”（排查证据）。法律文本中可表示“审查”文件。文学作品则可能用其“看穿”的比喻义，如“look through someone's facade”（看穿某人的伪装）。

用法须知

look through 为及物动词短语，后接名词或代词作宾语，如“look through the documents”。可用于被动语态，如“The files were looked through”。常见句型：主语 + look through + 宾语。易错点：不要与 look over（快速检查）混淆；look through 强调“翻阅或查看内部内容”，而 look over 强调“从上方或表面查看”。另外，look through 后可接人，表示“故意忽视某人”，如“She looked through me”，此时意为“不理睬”。

同义词区别

look through 与 browse、skim、scan 等词相近，但侧重点不同：browse 指随意翻阅，没有明确目的；skim 指快速阅读以获取大意；scan 指快速扫描以寻找特定信息。look through 则更强调“仔细查看”或“逐一检查”，比 skim 更细致。与 check 相比，check 更侧重于验证或确认，而 look through 更侧重于查看内容本身。在“看穿”义项上，与 see through 相近，但 see through 更常用于识破谎言或骗局，而 look through 更多用于物理上的看穿。

易错提醒

look through 为中性短语，语域中性偏正式，适用于多种场合。在“浏览”义项上，语气较轻；在“检查”义项上，语气较重。常见误用包括：将 look through 与 look at 混淆，look at 仅指“看”，不强调“透过”或“检查”；将 look through 与 go through 混淆，go through 更强调“经历”或“仔细检查”的过程，有时带有“消耗”意味。此外，当 look through 后接人时，容易误解为“看穿某人”，实际多指“故意忽视”。

高频搭配

• look through a window
• look through a document
• look through a magazine
• look through the list
• look through someone
• look through the evidence
• look through the notes

用法示例

1. She looked through the window to see who was outside.她透过窗户看是谁在外面。
2. I need to look through these notes before the meeting.开会前我需要翻阅一下这些笔记。
3. The accountant looked through the invoices carefully to find the error.会计仔细检查了发票以找出错误。
4. He looked through her excuses and knew she was lying.他看穿了她的借口，知道她在撒谎。
5. I looked through the pile of papers but didn't find the contract.我翻遍了那堆文件，但没有找到合同。
6. She looked through me as if I didn't exist.她对我视而不见，好像我不存在一样。